In the 1960s and early 1970s, Latin and Central American societies were witnessing political authoritarianism, military dictatorship and mass repression and experiencing the incremental growth of what would become the debt crisis, while in Cuba a revolutionary government was wrestling with the difficult task of building socialism in an underdeveloped country. This chapter is based on the premise that poor women mobilise and that their experiences and the knowledge gained from them are important. It permits itself the freedom to range between modern and historical examples of women's oppression and mobilisation. It does so in the spirit of the idea of the politics of cultural identity. Gender stereotypes persisted in education and in the existence of double standards of morality. Women were encouraged to base their understanding of citizenship upon fulfilment of their domestic roles and through their unswerving loyalty to the regime.

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Como citar: Lievesley, G. (2024). Identity, gender and citizenship. En Manchester University Press eBooks. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526185884.00010